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SUMMARY: INNER | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
ToneControl
is the interface to enable playback of a
user-defined monotonic tone sequence.
A tone sequence is specified as a list of tone-duration pairs and
user-defined sequence blocks. The list is packaged as an
array of bytes. The setSequence
method is used to
input the sequence to the ToneControl
.
The syntax of a tone sequence is described in Augmented BNF notations:
sequence = version *1tempo_definition *1resolution_definition *block_definition 1*sequence_event version = VERSION version_number VERSION = byte-value version_number = 1 ; version # 1 tempo_definition = TEMPO tempo_modifier TEMPO = byte-value tempo_modifier = byte-value ; multiply by 4 to get the tempo (in bpm) used ; in the sequence. resolution_definition = RESOLUTION resolution_unit RESOLUTION = byte-value resolution_unit = byte-value block_definition = BLOCK_START block_number 1*sequence_event BLOCK_END block_number BLOCK_START = byte-value BLOCK_END = byte-value block_number = byte-value ; block_number specified in BLOCK_END has to be the ; same as the one in BLOCK_START sequence_event = tone_event / block_event / volume_event / repeat_event tone_event = note duration note = byte-value ; note to be played duration = byte-value ; duration of the note block_event = PLAY_BLOCK block_number PLAY_BLOCK = byte-value block_number = byte-value ; block_number must be previously defined ; by a full block_definition volume_event = SET_VOLUME volume SET_VOLUME = byte-value volume = byte-value ; new volume repeat_event = REPEAT multiplier tone_event REPEAT = byte-value multiplier = byte-value ; number of times to repeat a tone byte-value = -128 - 127 ; the value of each constant and additional ; constraints on each parameter are specified below.
VERSION
,
TEMPO
,
RESOLUTION
,
BLOCK_START
,
BLOCK_END
,
PLAY_BLOCK
SET_VOLUME
REPEAT
are pre-defined constants.
Following table shows the valid range of the parameters:
The frequency of the note can be calculated from the following formula:
Parameter Valid Range Effective Range Default tempo_modifier
5<= tempo_modifier
<= 12720bpm to 508bpm 120bpm resolution_unit
1<= resolution_unit
<= 1271/1 note to 1/127 note 1/64 note block_number
0<= block_number
<= 127- - note
0<= note
<= 127 or SILENCEC-1 to G9 or rest - duration
1<= duration
<= 127- - volume
0<= volume
<= 1000% to 100% volume 100% multiplier
2<= multiplier
<= 127- -
SEMITONE_CONST = 17.31234049066755 = 1/(ln(2^(1/12))) note = ln(freq/8.176)*SEMITONE_CONSTThe musical note A = note 69 (0x45) = 440 Hz.
The duration of each tone is measured in units of 1/resolution notes
and tempo is specified in beats/minute, where 1 beat = 1/4 note.
Because the range of positive values of byte
is only 1 - 127,
the tempo is
formed by multiplying the tempo modifier by 4. Very slow tempos
are excluded so range of tempo modifiers is 5 - 127 providing an
effective range of 20 - 508 bpm.
To compute the effective duration in milliseconds for a tone, the following formula can be used:
duration * 60 * 1000 * 4 / (resolution * tempo)The following table lists some common durations in musical notes:
Note Length Duration, Resolution=64 Duration, Resolution=96 1/1 64 96 1/4 16 24 1/4 dotted 24 36 1/8 8 12 1/8 triplets - 8 4/1 REPEAT
4 <note> 64REPEAT
4 <note> 96
// "Mary Had A Little Lamb" has "ABAC" structure. // Use block to repeat "A" section. byte tempo = 30; // set tempo to 120 bpm byte d = 8; // eighth-note byte C4 = ToneControl.C4;; byte D4 = (byte)(C4 + 2); // a whole step byte E4 = (byte)(C4 + 4); // a major third byte G4 = (byte)(C4 + 7); // a fifth byte rest = ToneControl.SILENCE; // rest byte[] mySequence = { ToneControl.VERSION, 1, // version 1 ToneControl.TEMPO, tempo, // set tempo ToneControl.BLOCK_START, 0, // start define "A" section E4,d, D4,d, C4,d, E4,d, // content of "A" section E4,d, E4,d, E4,d, rest,d, ToneControl.BLOCK_END, 0, // end define "A" section ToneControl.PLAY_BLOCK, 0, // play "A" section D4,d, D4,d, D4,d, rest,d, // play "B" section E4,d, G4,d, G4,d, rest,d, ToneControl.PLAY_BLOCK, 0, // repeat "A" section D4,d, D4,d, E4,d, D4,d, C4,d // play "C" section }; try{ Player p = Manager.createPlayer(Manager.TONE_DEVICE_LOCATOR); p.realize(); ToneControl c = (ToneControl)p.getControl("ToneControl"); c.setSequence(mySequence); p.start(); } catch (IOException ioe) { } catch (MediaException me) { }
Field Summary | |
static byte |
BLOCK_END
Defines an ending point for a block. |
static byte |
BLOCK_START
Defines a starting point for a block. |
static byte |
C4
Middle C. |
static byte |
PLAY_BLOCK
Play a defined block. |
static byte |
REPEAT
The REPEAT event tag. |
static byte |
RESOLUTION
The RESOLUTION event tag. |
static byte |
SET_VOLUME
The SET_VOLUME event tag. |
static byte |
SILENCE
Silence. |
static byte |
TEMPO
The TEMPO event tag. |
static byte |
VERSION
The VERSION attribute tag. |
Method Summary | |
void |
setSequence(byte[] sequence)
Sets the tone sequence. |
Field Detail |
public static final byte VERSION
Value -2 is assigned to VERSION
.
public static final byte TEMPO
Value -3 is assigned to TEMPO
.
public static final byte RESOLUTION
Value -4 is assigned to RESOLUTION
.
public static final byte BLOCK_START
Value -5 is assigned to BLOCK_START
.
public static final byte BLOCK_END
Value -6 is assigned to BLOCK_END
.
public static final byte PLAY_BLOCK
Value -7 is assigned to PLAY_BLOCK
.
public static final byte SET_VOLUME
Value -8 is assigned to SET_VOLUME
.
public static final byte REPEAT
Value -9 is assigned to REPEAT
.
public static final byte C4
Value 60 is assigned to C4
.
public static final byte SILENCE
Value -1 is assigned to SILENCE
.
Method Detail |
public void setSequence(byte[] sequence)
sequence
- The sequence to set.IllegalArgumentException
- Thrown if the sequence is
null
or invalid.IllegalStateException
- Thrown if the Player
that this control belongs to is in the PREFETCHED or
STARTED state.
|
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